If a sudden pain appears in a very healthy-looking tooth, it becomes difficult to chew, small sores appear on gums – this may be not the usual stomatitis.
Rinsing and application of all kinds of homemade recipes begin, but this does not help, as the cause may be more serious – the appearance of dental cysts.
The content of the article:
A dental cyst is a neoplasm of a tumor type, which under certain conditions appears within the jaw, localizing in the basal area of the tooth. It looks like a cavity of a teardrop or an oval shape, which is covered with a dense shell and from the inside is filled with yellowish purulent fluid.
Its outer layer consists of connective tissue cells, and its inner side is a flat stratified epithelium. Dimensions are quite different: ranging from approximately 0.04 inch to 1.5 inches.
There are six main types of cyst, which vary for reasons of formation, complexity and treatments:
It is worth to mention another form of the disease, which is extremely similar to a cyst – a granuloma. This formation, which is small in size and of a rounded form; like a cyst, localized in the root.
Factors that exacerbate cyst and granulomas are practically identical.
However, there is a big difference in the nature of these two entities. Unlike the cyst which has a dense outer layer delineating its boundary and separating the affected tissue, the granuloma is a type of focal inflammation, wherein the connective tissue grows without clear borders.
The main cause is an infection which got into the tooth tissue. However, as practice shows, it is not the only one.
Here are the causes and sources of origin, occurring most frequently:
Sometimes a cyst can be detected in newborns – the so-called Bon’s nods (or milk teeth of a purulent cyst type). They are formed in the area where the milk teeth are formed, and then the molars. Sometimes they are mistaken for the beginning of the eruption.
Such formation is very dangerous because of its consequences can be of different types and degrees of tumor diseases.
This disease has a very unpleasant feature – up to dangerous sizes of formation its development is almost asymptomatic, does not show itself.
In the early stages, you can detect a cyst, only by making an X-ray picture of teeth. Only after studying the resulting photo, the dentist will confirm the symptoms.
Regular inspection of the surface is not likely to reveal anything.
However, the efficiency and simplicity of the treatment are directly dependent on the stage of the disease, that is, the size of the cyst. Therefore, you must care for the gums and teeth, their condition so that after the detection of the slightest deviation immediately turn to the dentist.
Since a cyst is being formed for a long time (several weeks), a person attentive to the state of the health usually has time to notice some of the most characteristic symptoms:
Neglected diseases can lead not only to unpleasant but also to dangerous and serious complications. To avoid this, you need to regularly visit a dentist for preventive purposes.
The most serious consequence may even be a broken jaw, triggered by the destruction of the bone due to greatly increase in the size of the cyst. However, these spontaneous fractures are rare.
After the contact with pyogenic bacteria in the cyst cavity sometimes an acute inflammation may occur, threaten with the development of osteomyelitis, which means a necrotic process that develops in the bone marrow and the bone itself. It can form a fistula on the gums, possibly on cheeks, through which purulent mass will flow out.
Tooth roots may be destroyed, which leads to their removal. Recurrent acute inflammations affect an overall health, provoking severe pain – not only dental but also headaches.
Exacerbation occurs in the background of practically any strong shake-up of the body – a viral disease, hypothermia, cold or just stress. A consequence of the long-term, permanent presence of inflammation in the body can become sepsis due to blood poisoning.
Dental cyst itself is a benign form, and cannot cause harm to the body over and above what has already been described. However, due to improper and untimely treatment, the occurrence of cancer is possible – a malignant tumor that can threaten not only the health but also the patient’s life.
Treatment may vary depending on the severity of the disease and its stage. There are four main methods of professional treatment.
If a formation is small – no more than 0.28 – 0.3 inches, the treatment is carried by a dental therapist: tooth channel is washed using a special method, followed by taking drugs that have a destructive effect on the cyst.
After its complete destruction, the emptied cavity is filled with cement solution. This is the best method of treatment, not entailing serious consequences, and simple enough.
This method is surgical. It’s a surgery for a removal of a part of the root (its damaged part) together with a cyst.
Such operation is carried out at a relatively small size tumor – when maximum two teeth are affected.
It is conducted through an incision in the gum. The advantage of this method is that the tooth itself remains.
This operation is less gentle in comparison with the previous method. In this case the complete removal of all the damaged root together with the damaged part of the crown, which is adjacent to it.
The most radical method in which the formed cyst is completely removed from the tooth. It is used, if the tooth is damaged to such an extent that it is absolutely impossible to save.
One of the most advanced methods at this time is to use a laser to remove the cyst. When the laser is introduced into the pre-expanded channels – a non-contact operation, it practically eliminates the possibility of infection entering the cavity.
Moreover, this method is popular for not causing pain and simultaneous disinfection and decontamination of affected areas is held.
Selection of one of the methods does not depend on the wish of the patient or the doctor. It is influenced by the size and look of the cyst only. If you need surgery, after it the meeting antibiotics are prescribed to prevent new inflammation.
Proper and timely treatment almost always results in a full recovery without serious consequences.
It is completely impossible to secure yourself from the appearance of cysts. But prevention is a method that allows to a large extent to reduce the risk of such tumors.
At the earliest stages when timely detection of cysts is provided, the treatment can be carried out solely with medication that poses no danger to the teeth.